忘忧云

高中英语whatever, whoever, whichever引导名词性从句
一、基本用法概说
英语中的-ever 词主要包括 whatever, whoever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however 等，其中可引导名词性从句的主要有 whatever, whoever, whichever。这里所说的名词性从句主要指主语从句和宾语从句，它们通常不用于引导同位语从句，同时也很少用于引导表语从句。如：  
Whatever he said was right. 无论他说什么都是对的。(引导主语从句)
I don’t believe whatever he said. 无论他说什么我都不信。(引导宾语从句)
在某些特定的语境中，也可用于引导表语从句。如：
What he wants to get is whatever you have. 他想得到的是你所拥有的一切。
二、whatever引导的名词性从句  
whatever的意思是“所……的一切事或东西”，可视为what的强调说法，其含义大致相当于anything that，whatever在从句中可用作主语、宾语、定语。如：
Do whatever she tells you and you’ll have peace. 她叫你干什么你就干什么，那你就太平了。
I don’t believe in letting children do whatever they like. 我不赞成让孩子为所欲为。
Goats eat whatever food they can find. 山羊找到什么食物就吃什么食物。
三、whoever引导的名词性从句
whoever的意思“任何……的人”，在意义上大致相当于 anybody who。whoever在从句中可用作主语或宾语。如：
I’ll take whoever wants to go. 谁想去我就带谁去。
Whoever says that is a liar. 说那话的人是个骗子。
She can marry whoever she chooses. 她愿意嫁谁就嫁谁。
I’ll give the ticket to whoever wants it. 谁想要这票，我就把它给谁。
Tell whoever you like — it makes no difference to me. 你爱告诉谁就告诉谁吧，对我是无所谓的。
注：whoever既用作主语也可用作宾语(作宾语时不宜用whomever，因为在现代英语中whomever已几乎不用)。另外，注意以下受汉语意思影响而弄错的句子：
谁赢了都可以获奖。
误：Who wins can get a prize.   
误：Anyone wins can get a prize.
正：Whoever wins can get a prize.
正：Anyone who wins can get a prize.
四、whichever引导的名词性从句
whichever的意思“……的那个人或事物”，在意义上大致相当于 the person or the thing that。whichever在从句中可用作主语、宾语或定语。如：
You can pick whichever one you like. 你喜欢哪个就挑哪个。
Whichever of you comes first will receive a prize. 你们谁第一谁就能得奖。
We'll eat at whichever restaurant has a free table. 哪个饭馆有空桌我们就在哪儿吃吧。
Whichever of us gets home first starts cooking. 我们当中无论哪个先到家，哪个就先开始做饭。
五、引导状语从句的用法
whatever, whoever, whichever除用于引导的名词性从句外，还可用于引导状语从句，分别相当于 no matter what, no matter who, no matter which。如：
I’ll stand by you whatever [=no matter what] happens. 无论如何我都支持你。
Whoever [=No matter who] wants to speak to me on the phone, tell them I’m busy. 不管谁要我接电话，就说我现在正忙。
Whichever [=No matter which] you buy, there is a six-month guarantee. 不管买哪个都有六个月的保修期。

忘忧云

高中英语10大动词短语帮你度英语难关
come
come about发生，产生，出现
come across 偶然发现,偶然遇到某人
come after 跟在……后面
come along(with sb.) 快，快来；（与某人）一道来，一起来
come along with 进展；取得成功
come at 达到；了解； 向……扑过来,向……袭击
come away 离开；脱落
come back 回来，复原，恢复
come by 从旁边走过；（偶然）获得
come between离间；干预……间的事；妨碍
come down 倒下,(温度,价格)下降,病倒；传下来；
come down with 付出；被感染上
come from来自；生长于
come forward 涌现,主动地响应要求做某事
come for 为什么而来
come in 进来,上市
come in (into) sight /view出现，看见
come into进入；获得；被卷入
come into action/fashion 开始行动（流行）
come into being 发生，开始存在；形成
come into blossom开花
come into force /effect 开始生效
come into power/office 上台，掌握政权
come into use 开始使用
come of是……的后代；是……的结果
come off脱落；离开；摔下；表现；（+adj.）结果是
come on （演员）出台，跟着来；快点(口),开始,到来,举行,走吧,一起去
come over 过来，从远处过来，转来
come out 出来,出发,结果；（花）开；（秘密）泄露；出版
come out of从……出来；由……引起；摆脱
come over过来；顺便来访；改变观点；（+adj.）逐渐变得；（v.+prep.）布满；胜过
come round绕道而来；顺便来访；苏醒
come through安然度过；安然度过；（声音经电话等）传来
come to 苏醒,总共,达到,得到谅解
come to a stop /an end 停止/结束
come /get to know 逐渐认识
come to oneself 苏醒过来
come up 种子生长发育；升起；走过来；到场；出芽
come up against  应付；对付（困难，反对等）
come up against problems 遇到问题

忘忧云

come up to  达到；等于
come up to standard 合乎标准
come up with 赶上；胜过 ，提出（建议）
come up with a better plan 提出一个更好的计划
come upon（偶然）碰上；攻击
come to life 恢复知觉
come to one’s rescuers 帮助
come to stay 来定居；固定下来
come to terms with 甘心忍受（不愉快的困境）
come true 实现
do
do away with =get rid of 废除,去掉,取消
do business 做买卖；做生意
do down 胜过；欺骗；说……的坏话
do experiments 做实验
do for 符合……的需要；照料；毁掉
do a good deed 做好事
do good/harm to sb. 给某人带来好处/坏处
do in 杀死某人；使精疲力竭；欺骗
do right 做的好
do some cleaning/shopping/cooking…… 扫除/买东西/做饭……
do sb. a/the fovour 帮某人一个忙
do /try one’s best to do sth  尽力做某事
do out 打扫,收拾
do the bed/the room/the dishes 铺床/收拾房子/刷碗
have something/nothing to do with……与……有/无关
do up 修理；整理；梳理（头发）；扣好（女衫等）；打扮得漂漂亮亮
do up one’s hair 盘起长发
do well in 在……方面干得好
do with 处理；对付
do wrong 做坏事
What to do ? 怎么办？
How do you do ?你好！
get
get a laugh 大笑一场
get a sight of 设法得到
get a word in 插话
get about 往来各处；（消息等）传开；着手干（某事）
get above oneself 变得自高自大
get across 穿过,讲清楚使人了解,领会
get ahead 进步；胜过
get ahead (of) 有进展，胜过，提前
get after 攻击；责骂
get away (from) 逃掉,离开,摆脱

忘忧云

get along with sth 进展得
get along with sb 相处
get around =spread 传开
get at 到达；抓住；走近；着手干；领会；贿赂
get back 受贿，回来，恢复
get behind 落后，识破 识破
get burnt 烧着
get by 走过；通过；勉强生存
get close to 接近
get down 从……下来,写下来,记下来,病了/使某人不安
get down to 认真处理；着手
get (seize,take,catch ,lay) hold of 抓住，捉住，掌握
get in 进来；到达；回到家；当选；收集；请来
get into进入；到达；穿上；陷入（困境等）
get in a word 策划
get into trouble 陷入麻烦
get in touch with与……取得联系
get in one’s way 妨碍某人
get it 懂得
get home 回家
get off 下车，离去，脱掉（衣等）；摆脱
get on 上车；穿上（衣等）；继续前进
get on one’s feet 站立起来
get out 出去；走开；逃出；取出；（+adj.）（天气）变得（晴朗等）
get out of下车；脱（衣）；逐渐抛弃（习惯）等；离开
get out of 从……出来，避免
get out of hand失控
get over 克服(困难),从病中恢复过来,不接
get ready 就位；预备
get rid of 摆脱,去掉
get sb.into trouble 使某人陷入麻烦
get stuck 遇到困难；陷进去
get through 完成,通过,用完,从人群中通过,接通电话
get /be tired of 对……感到厌烦；对……失去兴趣
get to 到达,抓住问题的要害,本质
get to know （逐渐）认识
get to sleep 入睡；睡着
get together 聚会,联欢；聚集
get up 起床，站立，
get with 着手，开始
get broken 破碎了
get caught in  困住了
get changed  换衣服
get drunk 喝醉酒

忘忧云

get excited 兴奋
get hurt  受伤  
get lost  迷路
get married  结婚
get paid  付酬劳  
get tired  累了
get used to 习惯于；适应于……
have got 有
have got to (do) 不得不，必须
get married   结婚
get hurt   受伤
get paid   付酬劳
get lost 迷路
get separated 分开
get tired 累了
go
go about 走来走去；流通；着手进行；忙于；相处
go abroad 出国
go across 走过，经过
go after 追逐；追捕；追求
go after (a job,a prize)追求（职位），争取（奖品）
go against 违背；违反
go ahead 前进；先走；着手干；取得进步做吧(口语),走在前面
go along 前进；进行下去；走开
go all out to do sth 全力以赴去做某事
go all the way  完全同意
go at 扑向；着手处理；售价为
go away 离开；私奔
go back 返回
go back on 违背（诺言等）; 毁(约)
go back on one’s word 食言，说话不算数
go back to 回到；追溯到
go by（时间）过去；从旁边经过；（时机等）轻易放过；依照；凭……判断；顺便走访
go beyond 超出
go down 沿……下去；下去；倒塌；减少，下降
go down on one’s knees 跪下
go for 竭力想取得，喜爱，适用于
go for a walk 去散步
go home 回家
go in for 从事，致力，爱好；追求
go into 研究，调查，进入
go into action 开始行动
go off 爆炸，发射；动身，离开；去世；

忘忧云

go off with 拿去；抢走；拐走
go over 检查，审查；复习，重温
go out 外出；熄灭
go out of one’s way 特别费心(做事)
go on 继续走下去；继续进行下去；（时间）过去；发生；过活；（上装等）穿得上
go on doing sth 继续做 （同一件事）
go on to do sth  继续做 （另一件事）
go on with 继续进行
go on with one’s work 继续某人的工作
go out  出去；（灯等）熄灭
go out for 拼命想要
go out of 从……里出来；从……减少
go out of one’s mind 变得神志不清
go over 横穿；转向；复习
go round/around 足够分配; (消息)流传
go to bed 去睡觉
go together 相配；恋爱
go too far 太过分了,走太远了
go through 经历，详细检查
go though with 完成某事
on the go 很忙
to go 剩下的，未完成的
go up 上升，增加，建起；(物价等)上涨
go under 下沉，沉没；失败
go well with 伴随，与……协调；与……持同一看法
go with 相配=match=go along with
go without 没有…… 也行，将就
go bad 变坏;变酸;腐败
go red 变红
go hungry 挨饿
go wrong 出错;发生故障
go boating 去滑船
go bathing 去淋浴
going camping 宿营
go dancing 去跳舞
go fishing 去钓鱼
go hunting 去打猎
go shooting 去射击
go shopping 去购物
go skating 去滑冰

have

忘忧云

have breakfast/lunch/supper, 吃早（午、晚）餐
have tea 喝茶
have sports 进行体育活动
have labor 劳动
have deep affection on 对……有深刻影响
have difficulty in doing sth. 费力(有困难地)做某事
have fun 有趣
have a smoke 抽烟
have a discussion 讨论
have a meeting 开会
have a talk 谈话
have a talk with sb 与某人谈话
have a chat 聊天
have a fight 打仗,斗架
have a walk 步行;散步
have a word with sb 与某人谈话
have a few words with sb 与某人谈几句话
have words with sb 与某人吵架
have a quarrel 吵架
have a run 跑步
have a break (间,课间)歇
have a haircut 理一发
have a swim 游泳
have a try 试一试
have a rest 休息(一下)
have a class 上课
have a dance 跳舞
have a stomachache 胃疼;肚疼
have a toothache 牙疼
have a cold 感冒
have a fever 发烧
have a holiday 度假
have a day off 请一天假
have a good time 过(玩)得愉快
have a good / high opinion of sb 对某人评价高，对某人印象好
have an exam 进行测试
have nothing on 并不比什么强
have sth in mind 牢记
have sth on 穿/ 带着什么
have sth done 让某人做某事
have to =have got to  不得不，必须()
hear
hear about 听到关于
hear from 得到……的消息，收到……的来信

忘忧云

hear of 听到……
keep
keep about继续履行职责
keep after紧紧追赶；反复提醒
keep at坚持；不断对……施加压力
keep away不接近；避开
keep away from  离开。。。
keep a diary 记日记
keep a record 保持记录
keep a record of 保存成绩;保留……记录
keep a secret 保守秘密
keep an eye on 照料；照管
keep an eye out for sb /sth 留心或注意某人或某事
keep back 留在后面,阻止,忍住，隐瞒
keep down 下降,缩减开支
keep doing 继续，一直做
keep hold of 握住，抓住
keep fit 保持健康；身体好
keep from避免；忍住
keep in 把……关在里面，闭门不出；留在家里；保守秘密
keep.... in mind 记着，不忘
keep off 避开,远离,让开；使不接近；
keep off the grass不要踏草
keep on (doing) （其后不能接暂短动作的动词）继续（做），不停地（做）
keep one’s balance 保持平衡
keep one’s feeling in 抑制住对。。。的感情
keep order 维持秩序
keep out 使其等在外面,不让进入，阻止
keep...out of... 把某人制止在……外
keep seeds 保存种子
keep it up 坚持着做下去
keep up 保持,维持,鼓足勇气；不减弱；坚持下去
keep up with 跟上；熟悉；保持接触
keep watch 注意；提防
keep with 陪伴
keep (stop/prevent )sb from doing 阻止某人做某事
keep sb doing 使某人一直做某事
keep sb.to oneself 保守秘密，不告诉别人
keep sth in mind  记着。。。
keep sth.a secret 对……保密
keep in touch with 和……保持联系
keep sth from sb 把某事瞒着某人()
keep together 不分散

忘忧云

keep time 按时，合拍子
keep to 坚持某种习惯,遵循
keep track of 记录；保持联系
look
look about 环顾；四下环顾
look after =watch out 照料;留神
look ahead 朝前看；考虑到将来
look at 看……
look at...as... 把……看作……
look away 把目光移开去
look around 到处看
look back 回头看； 回顾
look down 向下看，俯视
look down on (upon)sb 轻视某人，看不起
look for 寻找；期待
look forward 向前看
look forward to doing 盼望；期待
look in 顺便来访=drop in
look in朝里面看；顺便看望
look into sth 调查,了解某事,浏览(书报) ,窥视
look like 看起来像……
look on (upon) 旁观，看待
look on (upon)...as 把……看作，认为是……
look out 小心,当心,向外看
look out for照看；密切注意；寻找
look out of 向……外看
look over 仔细检查；从……上面看过去；审阅,翻阅
look through 浏览,仔细地检查
look sb. in the face 直视某的脸
look sb. into silence 用眼神让某人安静下来()
look sb. up and down 上下打量某人
look stronge/happy看起来（上去）强壮/高兴
look to 负责,留意
look up (从词典中)找出,查字典；向上看；好起来；寻找
look up to sb 尊敬某人
Look you! 注意！
a disappointed look 失望的表情
a shy look 害羞的表情
a worried look 焦虑的表情
judge a person by his(her) looks 以貌取人
take /have a look at sb./sth. 看一下某人/某物
make
make a (some)difference 有关系；有影响
make a dive for 冲向

忘忧云

make a decision 作决定
make a face(faces) 做鬼脸
make a film 制作电影
make a fire 生火
make a fool of sb. 愚弄某人
make a joke 开玩笑
make a long face 拉长脸；不高兴
make a living 谋生
make a lot of enemies 树敌太多
make a mistake犯错误
make a record 制作唱片
make a request 提要求
make a round trip 乘往返车
make a plan for 为……作计划
make a promise 许诺
make a search for 寻找
make a sentence （with）（用）造句
make a speech 作演讲
make a stand 立正；站住
make a study of sth. 研究什么
make a suggestion 提建议
make an appointment with 和……约定
make an effort to do sth. 作出努力去做谋事
make an excuse 找借口
make an experiment 做实验
make an impression on 给……印象
make an apology to sb. 向某人道歉
make away (急忙)离去；逃走
make away with 携……而逃；摧毁；浪费()
make as if 假装；装作
make beds 铺床叠被
make believe 假装，假扮
make certain 弄清楚
make coffee 冲咖啡
make down 改小(衣服)
make eyes at 向……送秋波
make good marks 取得好的分数
make friends with sb. 和某人朋友
make fun of 开……玩笑
make for 走向，向……前进；冲向
make informed decision about ... 了解
make it 办成，做到，成功；赶上，及时达到
make laws 制定法律
make money 赚钱